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排序方式: 共有217条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Isolation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies which neutralize human metapneumovirus in vitro and in vivo 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
Ulbrandt ND Ji H Patel NK Riggs JM Brewah YA Ready S Donacki NE Folliot K Barnes AS Senthil K Wilson S Chen M Clarke L MacPhail M Li J Woods RM Coelingh K Reed JL McCarthy MP Pfarr DS Osterhaus AD Fouchier RA Kiener PA Suzich JA 《Journal of virology》2006,80(16):7799-7806
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a recently described member of the Paramyxoviridae family/Pneumovirinae subfamily and shares many common features with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), another member of the same subfamily. hMPV causes respiratory tract illnesses that, similar to human RSV, occur predominantly during the winter months and have symptoms that range from mild to severe cough, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. Like RSV, the hMPV virus can be subdivided into two genetic subgroups, A and B. With RSV, a single monoclonal antibody directed at the fusion (F) protein can prevent severe lower respiratory tract RSV infection. Because of the high level of sequence conservation of the F protein across all the hMPV subgroups, this protein is likely to be the preferred antigenic target for the generation of cross-subgroup neutralizing antibodies. Here we describe the generation of a panel of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies that bind to the hMPV F protein. A subset of these antibodies has the ability to neutralize prototypic strains of both the A and B hMPV subgroups in vitro. Two of these antibodies exhibited high-affinity binding to the F protein and were shown to protect hamsters against infection with hMPV. The data suggest that a monoclonal antibody could be used prophylactically to prevent lower respiratory tract disease caused by hMPV. 相似文献
92.
We investigated the ability of adjuvanted, inactivated split-virion influenza A virus (H5N1) vaccines to protect against infection and demonstrated that the disease exacerbation phenomenon seen with adjuvanted formaldehyde-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus and measles virus investigational vaccines did not occur with these H5N1 vaccines. Macaques were vaccinated twice with or without an aluminum hydroxide or oil-in-water emulsion adjuvanted vaccine. Three months later, animals were challenged with homologous wild-type H5N1. No signs of vaccine-induced disease exacerbation were seen. With either adjuvant, vaccination induced functional and cross-reactive antibodies and protected the lungs and upper respiratory tract. Without an adjuvant, the vaccine provided partial protection. Best results were obtained with the emulsion adjuvant. 相似文献
93.
Oien DB Osterhaus GL Latif SA Pinkston JW Fulks J Johnson M Fowler SC Moskovitz J 《Free radical biology & medicine》2008,45(2):193-200
Oxidative stress can cause methionine oxidation that has been implicated in various proteins malfunctions, if not adequately reduced by the methionine sulfoxide reductase system. Recent evidence has found oxidized methionine residues in neurodegenerative conditions. Previously, we have described elevated levels of brain pathologies and an abnormal walking pattern in the methionine sulfoxide reductase A knockout (MsrA(-/-)) mouse. Here we show that MsrA(-/-) mice have compromised complex task learning capabilities relative to wild-type mice. Likewise, MsrA(-/-) mice exhibit lower locomotor activity and altered gait that exacerbated with age. Furthermore, MsrA(-/-) mice were less responsive to amphetamine treatment. Consequently, brain dopamine levels were determined. Surprisingly, relative to wild-type mice, MsrA(-/-) brains contained significantly higher levels of dopamine up to 12 months of age, while lower levels of dopamine were observed at 16 months of age. Moreover, striatal regions of MsrA(-/-) mice showed an increase of dopamine release parallel to observed dopamine levels. Similarly, the expression pattern of tyrosine hydroxylase activating protein correlated with the age-dependent dopamine levels. Thus, it is suggested that dopamine regulation and signaling pathways are impaired in MsrA(-/-) mice, which may contribute to their abnormal behavior. These observations may be relevant to age-related neurological diseases associated with oxidative stress. 相似文献
94.
95.
Martina BE Verjans GM Kuiken T van Amerongen G Osterhaus AD 《Microbes and infection / Institut Pasteur》2007,9(1):40-46
Phocid herpesvirus virus type 2 (PhHV-2), a putative gammaherpesvirus of seals, has been isolated from harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and grey seals (Halichoerus grypus). In the present study, different PhHV-2 isolates were shown to have a broad in vitro tropism for various cell types from several mammalian species. Inbred mice and two species of non-human primates proved to be susceptible to experimental infection with PhHV-2. The development of myoepitheliomas and spleen hyperplasia upon cyclosporin A treatment in some of the PhHV-2-infected animals warrants further investigation of the oncogenic and zoonotic potential of this virus. 相似文献
96.
97.
Tracey?N?Wilkinson Terence?P?Speed Geoffrey?W?Tregear Ross?AD?BathgateEmail author 《BMC evolutionary biology》2005,5(1):14
Background
The relaxin-like peptide family belongs in the insulin superfamily and consists of 7 peptides of high structural but low sequence similarity; relaxin-1, 2 and 3, and the insulin-like (INSL) peptides, INSL3, INSL4, INSL5 and INSL6. The functions of relaxin-3, INSL4, INSL5, INSL6 remain uncharacterised. The evolution of this family has been contentious; high sequence variability is seen between closely related species, while distantly related species show high similarity; an invertebrate relaxin sequence has been reported, while a relaxin gene has not been found in the avian and ruminant lineages. 相似文献98.
Antibody-mediated enhancement of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infectivity is determined by the structure of gp120 and depends on modulation of the gp120-CCR5 interaction 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
In this study, we characterized the viral determinants of coreceptor usage in relation to susceptibility to antibody-mediated neutralization or enhancement of infectivity by using chimeras of three highly related human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates of different phenotypes. We found that the V3 region was the main determinant of antibody-mediated enhancement and coreceptor specificity but that the overall structure of gp120 was also important for these properties. Constructs susceptible to antibody-mediated enhancement preferentially use CCR5 as a coreceptor, in contrast to constructs that were neutralized or not affected. Using monoclonal antibodies directed against CD4 or CCR5, we were able to show that antibody-mediated enhancement was CD4 dependent. Altogether, our results suggest that the modulation of the interaction of gp120 with CCR5 is the mechanism underlying antibody-mediated enhancement of HIV-1 infectivity. 相似文献
99.
Protection of mice against lethal infection with highly pathogenic H7N7 influenza A virus by using a recombinant low-pathogenicity vaccine strain 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
de Wit E Munster VJ Spronken MI Bestebroer TM Baas C Beyer WE Rimmelzwaan GF Osterhaus AD Fouchier RA 《Journal of virology》2005,79(19):12401-12407
In 2003, an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza occurred in The Netherlands. The avian H7N7 virus causing the outbreak was also detected in 88 humans suffering from conjunctivitis or mild respiratory symptoms and one person who died of pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Here we describe a mouse model for lethal infection with A/Netherlands/219/03 isolated from the fatal case. Because of the zoonotic and pathogenic potential of the H7N7 virus, a candidate vaccine carrying the avian hemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins produced in the context of the high-throughput vaccine strain A/PR/8/34 was generated by reverse genetics and tested in the mouse model. The hemagglutinin gene of the recombinant vaccine strain was derived from a low-pathogenicity virus obtained prior to the outbreak from a wild mallard. The efficacy of a classical nonadjuvanted subunit vaccine and an immune stimulatory complex-adjuvanted vaccine was compared. Mice receiving the nonadjuvanted vaccine revealed low antibody titers, lack of clinical protection, high virus titers in the lungs, and presence of virus in the spleen, liver, kidneys, and brain. In contrast, mice receiving two doses of the immune stimulatory complex-adjuvanted vaccine revealed high antibody titers, clinical protection, approximately 1,000-fold reduction of virus titers in the lungs, and rare detection of the virus in other organs. This is the first report of an H7 vaccine candidate tested in a mammalian model. The data presented suggest that vaccine candidates based on low-pathogenicity avian influenza A viruses, which can be prepared ahead of pandemic threats, can be efficacious if an effective adjuvant is used. 相似文献
100.
CEES GRASHOFF † PAUL DIJKSTRA † SANDERINE NONHEBEL ‡ AD H.C.M. SCHAPENDONK† SIEBE C. VAN DE GEIJN† 《Global Change Biology》1995,1(6):417-428
The effect of elevated [CO2] on the productivity of spring wheat, winter wheat and faba bean was studied in experiments in climatized crop enclosures in the Wageningen Rhizolab in 1991–93. Simulation models for crop growth were used to explore possible causes for the observed differences in the CO2 response. Measurements of the canopy gas exchange (CO2 and water vapour) were made continuously from emergence until harvest. At an external [CO2] of 700 μmol mol?1 Maximum Canopy CO2 Exchange Rate (CCERmax) at canopy closure was stimulated by 51% for spring wheat and by 71% for faba bean. At the end of the growing season, above ground biomass increase at 700 μmol mol?1 was 58% (faba bean), 35% (spring wheat) and 19% (winter wheat) and the harvest index did not change. For model exploration, weather data sets for the period 1975-88 and 1991–93 were used, assuming adequate water supply and [CO2] at 350 and 700 μmol mol?1. For spring wheat the simulated responses (35–50%) were at the upper end of the experimental results. In agreement with experiments, simulations showed smaller responses for winter wheat and larger responses for faba bean. Further model explorations showed that this differential effect in the CO2 response may not be primarily due to fundamental physiological differences between the crops, but may be at least partly due to differences in the daily air temperatures during comparable stages of growth of these crops. Simulations also showed that variations between years in CO2 response can be largely explained by differences in weather conditions (especially temperature) between growing seasons. 相似文献